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Dermatitis and Eczema Causes
This relatively broad group of common inflammatory rashes is known as eczema. Eczema is typically red, itchy, scaly, and flat. Eczema can be caused by a number of conditions. The most common among these are the following:
1. CONTACT DERMATITIS: Poison Ivy and Poison Oak are included in this group. Following exposure to and contact with poison ivy and poison oak, the patient may develop an allergic reaction resulting in an inflamed, red, scaly, and itchy rash. The rash is spread through scratching. Patients can control the itching with oral antihistamines (Benadryl) and topical lotions (Calamine). Some patients may benefit from cool, wet compresses or soaks (Domeboro). A bath of colloidal oatmeal (Aveeno), mixed 1 cupful per tub of water can provide soothing relief. More persistent cases can be treated with steroid creams (Aristocort) or oral steroid medications (Medrol) after consultation with a physician. "Jewelry dermatitis" or "belt buckle dermatitis" is another example of allergic response resulting from contact with certain types of metals (nickel is most common). The backs of watches and belt buckles are frequently made of nickel. Areas of the skin that come into contact with this metal may develop the typical rash (see above). Treatment involves applying a steroid cream, to the affected area only, several times a day. There are several one-half percent strength hydrocortisone creams now available without prescription (Cortaid). Persistent dermatitis may require a stronger topical steroid cream that only your physician or Dermatologist can provide. For patients affected with this rash, complete avoidance of the metal will be necessary.
2. IRRITANT ECZEMA: This is most commonly seen in people who have repeatedly exposed themselves to harsh chemicals, cleaners, or soaps. Irritant eczema is also common in health care workers and bartenders who wash their hands several times a day, and who never allow their hands to dry completely. Inflammation then occurs, and the typical rash appears (see above). Treatment is with a steroid cream. Several one-half percent hydrocortisone creams are now available without a prescription (Cortaid). They need to be applied several times a day. Avoiding exposure to the soaps or cleaners causing the problem will be necessary. Affected areas must be kept clean and dry; gloves may be necessary to protect the hands from irritants. Your doctor may prescribe a stronger steroid cream (Aristocort), if the rash persists.
3. SEBORRHEIC DERMATITIS: This is a rash that may be inherited. It is more common in newborns and patients with Parkinson's disease. Seborrhea tends to be flat, red, and flaky, but usually not itchy. It commonly occurs in areas that are high in the oil secreting glands: around the nose, chin, eyebrows, behind the ears, and around the lips. This will usually respond well to a one-half percent hydrocortisone cream (available over the counter). The stronger steroid creams should NOT be used on the face without a doctor's approval. If steroid creams are used around the eyes, regular checkups for glaucoma are recommended. Keep the face clean and dry. Avoid harsh soaps or detergents. A Dermatologist can help you with the above skin problems.
Hope this article will provide you information about dermatitis and eczema.
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